https://www.vicoraldisease.org/blog daily 0.75 2023-02-07 https://www.vicoraldisease.org/blog/blog-post-title-four-h8bzx monthly 0.5 2020-05-20 https://www.vicoraldisease.org/blog/blog-post-title-three-6mzch monthly 0.5 2020-05-20 https://www.vicoraldisease.org/blog/blog-post-title-two-zxf66 monthly 0.5 2020-05-20 https://www.vicoraldisease.org/blog/blog-post-title-one-kn73w monthly 0.5 2020-05-20 https://www.vicoraldisease.org/sctld-strike-teams daily 0.75 2022-12-08 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1584112535927-T1HCO6690ORBKT8QHYSJ/59541628_10102708013785474_7242066080900841472_o.jpg SCTLD Response and Intervention USVI Strike Team leaders receive training on disease response in the Florida Keys. Photo courtesy of L. Henderson https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1586191788887-H6NB2H7N6FUHZYHAJ9QH/SCTLD+LOGOS.png SCTLD Response and Intervention https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/deac1801-4a73-47a1-9e25-f28cba484895/JoeSnyder_2021_07_STXStrikeTeam_Edits_01.jpg SCTLD Response and Intervention CORE Foundation Strike Team members prepare to dive and treat infected corals in Cane Bay, St. Croix. Image courtesy of Joe Snyder https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/b0be545f-d49a-4e01-b28b-811da581a397/BeFunky-photo.jpg SCTLD Response and Intervention https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/ddf490ed-73d5-410e-8665-bd3a8d830337/151574297_196382465604995_2346560060139249165_n.jpeg SCTLD Response and Intervention CORE Foundation Strike Team Leader Mike Funk uses an underwater scooter to reach and treat infected corals long distances from shore. Image courtesy of Blake Gardner https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/bd64abbc-4a17-4ccf-a1c6-20c1011bb4f5/Strike+Team+Infographic-2022-Q1.jpg SCTLD Response and Intervention https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/bd8e3a05-25ef-417a-8b5c-bdd1122de0dc/JoeSnyder_2021_07_STXStrikeTeam_Edits_05.jpg SCTLD Response and Intervention CORE Foundation Strike Team Leader Leslie Henderson prepares to treat a coral with amoxicillin using the specialized Coral Cure Base2b compound by Ocean Alchemists. Image courtesy of Joe Snyder https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/995e48e1-3a0d-43d7-99d3-fc39f75d12ca/Strike+Team+Infographic-2021-Q4.jpg SCTLD Response and Intervention https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1585159749247-22TH9KI1WSRVEB7TAROJ/P1020409.jpg SCTLD Response and Intervention Disease Response Coordinator Joe Townsend and Strike Team Volunteer Kyle Jerris (a recent graduate of the UVI Masters of Marine and Environmental Sciences Program) splash into Crown Bay Marina in search of coral disease https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/d4609f47-8915-4626-9a23-ad4a34ab6029/Strike-Team-Infographic-2021-Q3.jpg SCTLD Response and Intervention https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/6d07dda1-e829-434e-91f9-a9670b8188e9/JoeSnyder_2021_07_STXStrikeTeam_Edits_20.jpg SCTLD Response and Intervention CORE Foundation Strike Team divers complete treatment of a large tagged mountainous star coral in Cane Bay, St. Croix. Image courtesy of Joe Snyder https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/e20b8d69-9262-4649-ba72-27692bcfdd7b/Strike-Team-Infographic-2021-Q2.jpg SCTLD Response and Intervention https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1585159752328-KBXUHVVNAVPMFQBKUPXQ/GOPR2921_full.JPG SCTLD Response and Intervention UVI Center for Marine and Environmental Studies Technician Sonora Meiling records important information about corals on a disease-infected reef https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/9e6433c8-bf96-4cf3-9f33-a761743eb631/Strike-Team-Infographic-2021-Q1.jpg SCTLD Response and Intervention https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1628775735084-2MR17L2V1T8TGI934N8Y/P5270169_editLMH.jpg SCTLD Response and Intervention CORE Foundation Strike Team member Nicholas Durgadeen treats a lobed star coral infected with SCTLD. Image courtesy of Leslie Marie Henderson https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/b4b7568e-0f67-4e97-8c0a-1d2d0d4da890/Strike-Team-Infographic-2020-Q4.jpg SCTLD Response and Intervention https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1585159587055-MQUX27E5B6LRFICS0ENP/P1040555.jpeg SCTLD Response and Intervention Joe Townsend assess a reef for disease-infected colonies https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/2c947a12-f608-429c-b327-c2310b9a06e9/166325816_224199332823308_287971038140530781_n.jpeg SCTLD Response and Intervention In preparation to treat corals, Coral Cure Base2b is mixed with powdered amoxicillin and placed in syringes or caulking tubes to apply on infected corals. Image courtesy of Leslie Marie Henderson https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/4d6abba1-06b8-4986-b80a-1e1bf32f8bf9/JoeSnyder_2021_07_STXStrikeTeam_Edits_11.jpg SCTLD Response and Intervention CORE Foundation Strike Team members finish treating infected corals in Cane Bay, St. Croix. Image courtesy of Joe Snyder https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1585159609207-2NAO83MQQ5AOX5U4H95Y/P1040886.jpeg SCTLD Response and Intervention Kitty Edwards, the education and outreach coordinator at the USVI Department of Planning and Natural Resources Coastal Zone Management Division, surveying a reef to verify if coral disease is present or not https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1585159582308-Q96OTAMBBWFO095ABDR1/GOPR2996_compressed.JPG SCTLD Response and Intervention UVI Center for Marine and Environmental Studies Technician Kathryn Cobleigh and UVI Masters of Marine and Environmental Sciences Student Brad Arrington remove diseased corals from the reef https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1585159708910-3G0IHKH9OBPO6ZQ4SR4X/P1040937.jpeg SCTLD Response and Intervention Joe Townsend spotlights a diseased corals to get an accurate photo of what is happening on the reef https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1585159668921-387MI9A5WO1Y6IC2HN72/P1050048.jpeg SCTLD Response and Intervention Kitty Edwards surveys a reef in search of diseased corals https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1585159696668-JX2UJQBEUOIA0WSR2T8M/P1050116.jpeg SCTLD Response and Intervention Joe Townsend dives down to photograph a large bleached brain coral https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1585159895481-9MWQQ5YGOCB7ZSWNEROI/IMG_20191112_100907_974.jpg SCTLD Response and Intervention NOAA USVI Coastal Zone and Coral Management Liaison Leslie Henderson observes no disease on SCTLD in St. Croix https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/48e122b5-0e1e-401b-a074-d96e287e18e5/JoeSnyder_2021_07_STXStrikeTeam_Edits_07.jpg SCTLD Response and Intervention CORE Foundation Strike Team member Shamoy Bideau after another successful dive treating infected corals! Image courtesy of Joe Snyder https://www.vicoraldisease.org/sctld daily 1.0 2023-10-06 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1579030000262-86T382Q5973IKBDUM7T6/Sonora+Progression+Photos.jpg Home https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1592329019035-6VBFN9JZU2VWBH91FE49/VICDAC+Logo+%281%29.png Home https://www.vicoraldisease.org/sctld-resources daily 0.75 2022-08-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1591369937462-327HOTUUDIBGA3NZDNH5/FactSheet+Final+smaller+file.jpg Resources SCTLD in the USVI https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1585156015265-N8UV5GPX95V5UQ6UEQK9/20181002-stony-coral-tissue-loss-disease-case-definition-1.jpg Resources https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1585156186844-T7W8APFMQ6LAQZ7KVMIR/VICRAG+SCTLD+January+Poster.jpg Resources https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1585156157856-E5MV1NDVAU9D2ARKMJK8/Diver+Decon+Guidelines+USVI+8-8-19-1.jpg Resources https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1585156161643-E8UM8QS8OJ472YZG1HBA/ENG-infograf%C3%ADa-coral-1.jpg Resources https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1585156187697-JXG9JMU01WYNC70FG3PE/Final-WA-disease-id-cards-Bruckner-2-1.jpg Resources https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1585156033522-B621WZ5CJPPI7QX1G80F/5.+Disease+Identification+guide-1.jpg Resources https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1599161510882-PL1AR7T0MJ15PV80SNTO/card-1-back.jpg Resources https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1599161500273-5025HJP3KEI4TFFITAEA/card-2-back.jpg Resources https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1599161507589-2BFHXBH7RL64EJ6X5FVY/card-3-back.jpg Resources https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1599161521281-U29K2XKS79QLTIMBEL7D/card-2-front.jpg Resources https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1599161521811-IXN56799H1RLXN5RGP45/card-3-front.jpg Resources https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1599161527561-KAOKFVHE95LCGLVOA5Y7/card-1-front.jpg Resources https://www.vicoraldisease.org/sctld-spread-and-impact daily 0.75 2022-04-25 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1584124528317-Z4R4X0QTD7RV7I3O441K/TCRMP20191017_photo_SPH_08.jpg Spatial Spread & Impact UVI research technician Allie Durdall monitors coral health for TCRMP at Sprat Hole, St. Croix, USVI. Photo by L. Henderson https://www.vicoraldisease.org/usvi-coral-disease-news daily 0.75 2022-08-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1596637412183-XG52FUSR2QBV06RU1AJB/SCTLD+on+St.+John News STONY CORAL TISSUE LOSS DISEASE ON SAINT JOHN https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1596637552492-EO5PZ8482TMKKGTPYOHW/SCTLD+Spreads News STONY CORAL TISSUE LOSS DISEASE SPREADING TO MORE ISLANDS https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1585064202847-5QKL48G2PZTK91G7VWEV/Screen%2BShot%2B2020-03-24%2Bat%2B11.33.53%2BAM.jpg News Divers Try To Stop The Spread of SCTLD https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1585065882261-5MUJONW2SUZBFLUIXDHK/Screen%2BShot%2B2020-03-24%2Bat%2B12.00.34%2BPM.jpg News Off-Island Experts Help Fight SCTLD https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/d0bfd7ff-d463-45ec-9405-128b15ea1c0b/Capture.JPG News https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/ac3322eb-29f4-4738-afdd-e101ecdb504c/Capture111.JPG News https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/f90ca50b-8fc6-422d-87c4-b871bd047c6b/Capture.JPG News https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/f2183576-2695-430d-b7b9-3cc8b031fed9/Capture.JPG News https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1661355291013-UZI0BSQ96OML3PKLHMD4/WhatsApp%2BImage%2B2021-03-24%2Bat%2B08.47.39.jpg News https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/88349657-3b67-4ef0-9ec8-928a6e2cd676/Capture1.JPG News https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1598554477570-Z5ECXH64HE6WENY4DL57/Capture.JPG News https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1598554294331-ICLGHKCL39MPJYYWK7RG/Capture.JPG News https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1597175297023-95XX9526IX22TMY9ZAV9/VIDailyNewsAugust11-CDub%26UVI.png News Coral World and UVI teaming up to save corals https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1591371046874-YUZS0422OO2LOCBWA1UT/IMG_2885.jpg News USVI Daily News - Dr. Marilyn Brandt https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1661355359652-K28XFSESU0U737TFVEIA/BeaconMay25.jpg News SCTLD Found in BVI https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1591370729663-029GYG2UN163LIEEZ2NG/Screen+Shot+2020-06-05+at+11.20.52+AM.png News SCTLD in the USVI - St. Croix This Week https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1585082438371-PCVDMM5WN9U2RKSDLDDW/2pg+Disease+Overview+w+Maps+All+Partners.png News https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1585082455419-USN1NYH31C5UJ7T5MP3X/A+mysterious+coral+disease+is+ravaging+Caribbean+reefs+_+Science+News.png News https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1585082956668-HS2D3GZDA7I870ZTIAAA/Avis.jpg News https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1585082483314-RIPJCMSIJQQLM8UK280Y/BVI+Beacon+SCTLD+article-1.jpg News https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1585082485118-JPX5KUBP9OZNUG9AU1J8/Coral+disease+affecting+V.I.+reefs+is+%E2%80%98a+dire+threat%E2%80%99+_Virgin+Islands+Daily+News_Elliott+Davis_7.2.2019.png News https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1585082494207-T9SPUFY6DIS9ZPCL7F0E/Coral+Disease+Outbreak+FAQ_v6-1.jpg News https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1585082516736-M9ZS0U8NG53DJHA4QFU9/Deadly+Coral+Disease+Found+in+Multiple+Sites+_+St.+Thomas+Source-1.jpg News https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1585082520134-OFKH36GSWUHGDAJD8JXW/DailyNews_SCTLD_9Nov2019-1.jpg News https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1585082540294-LGHKVESI9JVX37291G1J/Deadly+New+Disease+Attacking+V.I.+Corals+Right+Now+_+St.+Thomas+Source-1.jpg News https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1585082557807-V6FUX809UF9SE1RXNJFU/Territory+Prepares+to+Face+Coral+Disease+Head+On+_+St.+Thomas+Source-1.jpg News https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1585144964271-Z45II7ROYBBMKJ6Y3ICG/Medical%2BDaily.jpg News https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1661355402080-KFMR5AXJG31IOCQ47IK6/06292020-DN_Page_02.jpg News https://www.vicoraldisease.org/sctld-etiology daily 0.75 2022-08-23 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1628708169484-0YZE0ILBKCKFR6KE4YDA/SCTLD_histo_DLABex.jpeg SCTLD Etiology - Dr. Dan Holstein is an Assistant Professor of Coral Reef Ecology and Ecological Modeling in the Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences at Louisiana State University and an Assistant Professor by Courtesy in the Center for Marine and Environmental Studies at the University of the Virgin Islands. Dr. Holstein and his students use histopathology and coupled hydrodynamic-epidemiological models to describe how SCTLD affects coral animals and spreads within and between the diverse coral reefs of the US Virgin Islands. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1628708281605-UOBD7YOCYFUYSK1V5X1G/1200px-University_of_Texas_at_Arlington_seal.svg.png SCTLD Etiology https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1628708280336-PXGSUVA9H6SF8EEDT2Z4/LogoBlueTrans.png SCTLD Etiology https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1628708281366-GVES179IHA9TLLLAW95P/Picture2.png SCTLD Etiology https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1628708281961-S79BU5VHG1JA5FOJQGG7/Picture3.png SCTLD Etiology https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1628708282263-M2M6WHEZ2E7YZ6IS82EA/pngarea.com_lsu-logo-png-6706450.png SCTLD Etiology https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1584130007074-8RYPXCZLBQEDCSU2Y6RG/thumbnail_IMG_6854.jpg SCTLD Etiology A St. Thomas Strike Team surveys coral in Hull Bay. Photo by E. Bryan https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1628707851228-NQ3K1PFX957AX2Z6U4WM/amy-apprill_lab.jpg SCTLD Etiology - Dr. Amy Apprill, an Associate Scientist at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, focuses on how SCTLD affects the microbial communities (microbiomes) of corals. Dr. Apprill and her students are using rapid high-throughput sequencing to monitor microbiomes of corals at various stages throughout the SCTLD infection and determine potential disease pathogens. Additionally, her lab is examining how disease-associated bacteria are transmitted between corals and reefs. https://www.vicoraldisease.org/help-fight-sctld daily 0.75 2022-12-08 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1584126031297-SLU5FEZYXINXAGFWQ03U/IMG_20171128_103612_844.jpg SCTLD Community involvement Photo by L. Henderson https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1584030979998-TMQA3JCASJXBMKPKNTGV/DSC09426.jpg SCTLD Community involvement Photo by D. Mele https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1628711970475-LIFT5RBOQYU6FO301PRQ/P2060658.jpg SCTLD Community involvement Credit: NOAA https://www.vicoraldisease.org/sctld-disease-tracking daily 0.75 2022-03-03 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1607088213641-EAOH1373W0IK73P8Y2TQ/AGRRA+Map.JPG SCTLD Disease Spread Click on the image for live tracking of SCTLD in the Caribbean https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1607087332837-U9CKOI8G5XLVHC5EK9QB/1+01-19.jpg SCTLD Disease Spread https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1607087333564-ROB4A4K9OY3MVJ8XTPTQ/2+02-19.jpg SCTLD Disease Spread https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1607087333202-IXUCMNQPHE1VDN4FZI91/3+03-2019.jpg SCTLD Disease Spread https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1607087333477-L0VLW13MIAD67WIS4KTZ/4+04-2019.jpg SCTLD Disease Spread https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1607087333168-G8PFVPWO07RYTREMJU4S/5+05-2019.jpg SCTLD Disease Spread https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1607087333367-RLCIHUUD5GDFGREQW53X/6+06-2019.jpg SCTLD Disease Spread https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1607087363050-LYP31YY9Y627XW59LJ4T/7+07-2019.jpg SCTLD Disease Spread https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1607087363291-P9ZBJFUV4WD68M88B8IE/8+08-2019.jpg SCTLD Disease Spread https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1607087363827-ZX5G9J5P3GHR35VRNHF9/9+09-2019.jpg SCTLD Disease Spread https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1607087363218-5GWK580ISJEDUM04V7MS/10+10-2019.jpg SCTLD Disease Spread https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1607087363209-IM85WIU5WZQJPITZNNN7/11+11-2019.jpg SCTLD Disease Spread https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1607087363170-7K32KLKEE6TUYHCM8EP3/12+12-2019.jpg SCTLD Disease Spread https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1607087396748-5UZ0SXIDK6KJAXTQECUH/13+01-20.jpg SCTLD Disease Spread https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1607087397221-QFYS5KUZRM37XGJ6GKI0/14+02-2020.jpg SCTLD Disease Spread https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1607087397598-TV17IAT1VSDIN5Y5GEZC/15+03-2020.jpg SCTLD Disease Spread https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1607087397135-7VJB3PXA3ZPSGXS5TKNK/16+04-2020.jpg SCTLD Disease Spread https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1607087398413-LVGW9FAZYXQXWYO2LC2Z/17+05-2020.jpg SCTLD Disease Spread https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1607087397670-NLXANA7BCIAEV1ZP5TSV/18+06-2020.jpg SCTLD Disease Spread https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1607087423049-FTU0QJOELMN0DJKWL7XC/19+07-2020.jpg SCTLD Disease Spread https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1607087422815-ROLUJGVMZXDIR9KQCXYK/20+08-2020.jpg SCTLD Disease Spread https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1607087423763-JGS7LOJUY08MGVPY4ISZ/21+09-2020.jpg SCTLD Disease Spread https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1607087423826-6P8YB8NPP3R9QAPJD97B/22+10-2020.jpg SCTLD Disease Spread https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1611065648683-DNVJWB04BLKNMUCRSPAZ/23+11-2020.jpg SCTLD Disease Spread https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1611065648614-Z68JYLPNLGGN1LXVIZUE/24+12-2020.jpg SCTLD Disease Spread https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/841e57ee-a9de-4e82-bf9f-6c6622c5ba82/25+01-2021.jpg SCTLD Disease Spread https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/417f4951-abec-4bf9-a1b7-847221cadf6c/26+02-2021.jpg SCTLD Disease Spread https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/071e31ef-9c59-49f1-a856-36e1b7af202b/27+03-2021.jpg SCTLD Disease Spread https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/83f424be-7ec8-4dfa-9f57-ffe1dce10e66/28+04-2021.jpg SCTLD Disease Spread https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/66e47710-5c1a-4d1d-a16f-9279a36f59d2/29+05-2021.jpg SCTLD Disease Spread https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/e02eddf0-5bc1-477c-8851-070142d24c5c/26+06-2021.JPG SCTLD Disease Spread https://www.vicoraldisease.org/sctld-interventions daily 0.75 2021-08-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1628713047386-SIOMAUZFDT41SXCLWVQI/istockphoto-109726331-612x612.jpg Interventions - Probiotics Development Dr. Valerie Paul’s lab at the Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce is working with UVI scientists to develop probiotic treatments that can be applied to entire coral colonies. These treatments aim to help already diseased corals fight off infections, but also healthy corals to not become affected by SCTLD. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1628771714850-W89V12I9BGXQFJCOZ9AA/P1060316.jpeg Interventions - Non-antibiotic Experimental Pastes In further collaboration with Ocean Alchemists LLC, experimental treatments that contain no antibiotic are being implemented in the USVI. With success of these trials, the USVI response to SCTLD will be able to implement disease treatments without intensive use of antibiotics. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1629235452474-GZ74DLTF2AD81J75UU16/Copy+of+20210525_Mote_Sara_antiviral_treatment_006_small+%281%29.jpg Interventions - Alternative Ointments and Hemp Rope Dr. Erinn Muller and a team from Mote Marine Laboratory is leading research, in collaboration with the National Park Service and Ocean Alchemists, testing new non-antibiotic based formulations with antiviral components to treat stony coral tissue loss disease (SCTLD) in the National Park waters around St. John, USVI. In May 2021, the Mote team tested the new ointment on four coral species: Orbicella franksi, Orbicella annularis, Montastraea cavernosa, and Pseudodiploria strigosa. This initial formulation failed to prevent further SCTLD progression and coral death; however, the Base2B and amoxicillin treatment worked well -- halting progression at the treated lesion on 87% of the colonies treated. In ongoing research, Dr. Muller and team is returning to St. John at the end of August to test two new Ocean Alchemist formulations that increase the amount of the anti-viral component and have a longer release time in hopes that a non-antibiotic treatment can be found effective for SCTLD. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1628711970475-LIFT5RBOQYU6FO301PRQ/P2060658.JPG Interventions - Amputation Strike teams remove sick portions of larger corals and seal the wounds to stop the progression of the disease. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1628712441026-G5RWXFDE7B3PTM124G52/GOPR2999_recol.jpg Interventions - Infected Colony Removal Small infected colonies are cut from the reef in order to reduce the amount of pathogen in the water and hopefully slow down the spread of the disease. These corals are euthanized and used for restoration and public outreach projects. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1628711931520-YHCY91E0EYRPIV6ZRXOY/JoeSnyder_2021_07_STXStrikeTeam_Edits_15.jpg Interventions - Antibiotic Treatments A specialized antibiotic treatment is applied to lesion edges on sick corals. These treatments are reapplied regularly and have high success rates. Image by Joe Snyder https://www.vicoraldisease.org/bleaching daily 0.75 2022-08-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1592321565865-L2RFEV61R3Q77XQXD6JH/IMG_4963.jpg SCTLD and Coral Bleaching - Corals affected by SCTLD are at an even greater disadvantage – the white color of the coral shows us where the coral tissue has died exposing its skeleton. The stark white appearance is because the area of the coral has died off so recently that skeleton has only just been exposed to the water column, and no algae or other creature have had enough time to colonize the area yet. Colonies that are experiencing SCTLD but still alive will have areas of bare white skeleton and areas with healthy colored tissue. The difference between SCTLD and coral bleaching is that the white area has no coral tissue left, and so even if the disease is effectively treated, the white portion of the colony is already dead and cannot recover without new tissue being regrown. Photo courtesy of Joe Townsend https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1592320904175-I2DICBS7BV2YR6M79YQI/PA040296.jpg SCTLD and Coral Bleaching - Coral bleaching occurs when coral colonies face environmental stressors like extremes in temperature or salinity, pollution, sedimentation, low oxygen or disease. As a result of one or more of these stressors, corals disassociate from their symbiotic relationship with their zooxanthellae and appear white. ( Zooxanthellae are symbiotic algae that give corals their coloration and photosynthesize to provide coral with food and energy.) Without the zooxanthellae, you can see straight through the translucent coral polyp to its skeleton below, making corals appear bright white. Hence the term coral bleaching. Photo Courtesy of The Nature Conservancy https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/d34025df-150a-46d8-9884-43f9d60da766/bleaching+corals+touching+VICDAC.jpg SCTLD and Coral Bleaching - SCTLD is a relatively new threat to coral reefs in the Caribbean, but coral bleaching, a longstanding concern for coral reef conservationists, continues to occur. Often, it is difficult or almost impossible to differentiate between the two impairments. Localized or colony specific bleaching has been recorded for over 100 years, but only in the last couple decades have we seen mass coral bleaching events (when a wide range of species bleach over a large area). The most common cause of mass coral bleaching is elevated water temperatures (even 1 or 2 degrees C) and increased UV radiation due to calm weather and clear skies. Recovery after bleaching events can be slow and adversely affected by other local stressors like pollution, sedimentation, overfishing and coral disease. Photo courtesy of The Nature Conservancy https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5dd6d913bb17ae0e1b38d801/1592322097609-M1WNNNNXQTKO95H3YUG7/DSC04501.jpg SCTLD and Coral Bleaching - Bleaching occurs when corals are stressed by facets of their environment, frequently temperature or pollution. SCTLD occurs when a coral is exposed to the disease, and so therefore this may occur during a mass bleaching event, resulting in corals being both bleached and infected with SCTLD. Scientists are still working to understand how this may affect the colony, and if the presence of this new disease exacerbates or mitigates bleaching. Because it can be very difficult to differentiate the two, it is important to report any suspicious looking coral to the Department of Planning and Natural Resources so that experts can respond to reports of both coral bleaching and SCTLD. Photo courtesy of Sonora Meiling https://www.vicoraldisease.org/data daily 0.75 2020-06-26 https://www.vicoraldisease.org/calendar daily 0.75 2020-06-26 https://www.vicoraldisease.org/citizen-science-reporting daily 0.75 2021-04-13 https://www.vicoraldisease.org/current-projects daily 0.75 2022-08-24